Published Jul 08, 2024
Oil palm needs hot, humid weather, temperatures ranging from 24-32°C and an annual rainfall of 2000-3000 mm. It grows best in deep, well-drained soils with good organic content.
The soil should be well-drained and have a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. For land preparation, growers should properly clear and plough the land. They can add compost or manure to boost soil fertility.
The best time to plant oil palms in India is June-December, during the monsoon. Summer planting requires irrigation, mulching, and sun hemp cover crops to protect against hot winds.
Palm oil farming requires plenty of water due to its fast growth and high yield. Light soils need frequent watering, while heavy soils can be watered less often.
Pest and disease management for oil palm includes controlling pests like rhinoceros beetles and diseases like Ganoderma. Use IPM and regular monitoring to ensure healthy crops.
Farmers harvest oil palm fruits 3-4 years after planting. The peak harvesting period occurs between 8 to 10 years. Usually, mature fruits are cut every 10-14 days for optimal yield.